Thioquinolobactin, a Pseudomonas siderophore with antifungal and anti-Pythium activity
Sandra Matthijs
Laboratory of Microbial Interactions, Department of Molecular and Cellular Interactions, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Building E, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
Search for more papers by this authorKourosch Abbaspour Tehrani
Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
Search for more papers by this authorGeorge Laus
Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
Search for more papers by this authorRobert W. Jackson
University of Bath, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
Search for more papers by this authorRichard M. Cooper
University of Bath, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Pierre Cornelis
Laboratory of Microbial Interactions, Department of Molecular and Cellular Interactions, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Building E, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
*E-mail [email protected]; Tel. (+32) 26291906; Fax (+32) 26291902.Search for more papers by this authorSandra Matthijs
Laboratory of Microbial Interactions, Department of Molecular and Cellular Interactions, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Building E, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
Search for more papers by this authorKourosch Abbaspour Tehrani
Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
Search for more papers by this authorGeorge Laus
Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
Search for more papers by this authorRobert W. Jackson
University of Bath, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
Search for more papers by this authorRichard M. Cooper
University of Bath, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Pierre Cornelis
Laboratory of Microbial Interactions, Department of Molecular and Cellular Interactions, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Building E, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
*E-mail [email protected]; Tel. (+32) 26291906; Fax (+32) 26291902.Search for more papers by this authorSummary
Under conditions of iron limitation Pseudomonas fluorescens ATCC 17400 produces two siderophores, pyoverdine, and a second siderophore quinolobactin, which itself results from the hydrolysis of the unstable molecule 8-hydroxy-4-methoxy-2-quinoline thiocarboxylic acid (thioquinolobactin). Pseudomonas fluorescens ATCC 17400 also displays a strong in vitro antagonism against the Oomycete Pythium, which is repressed by iron, suggesting the involvement of a siderophore(s). While a pyoverdine-negative mutant retains most of its antagonism, a thioquinolobactin-negative mutant only slowed-down Pythium growth, and a double pyoverdine-, thioquinolobactin-negative mutant, which does not produce any siderophore, totally lost its antagonism against Pythium. The siderophore thioquinolobactin could be purified and identified from spent medium and showed anti-Pythium activity, but it was quickly hydrolysed to quinolobactin, which we showed has no antimicrobial activity. Analysis of antagonism-affected transposon mutants revealed that genes involved in haem biosynthesis and sulfur assimilation are important for the production of thioquinolobactin and the expression of antagonism.
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